The Chosin Reservoir campaign of November-December 1950 is known, among the Marines who survived it, as the Frozen Chosin. The Marines who were not there know it as a battle. The Marines who were there know it as the definition of what the Corps is capable of when the mathematics of survival have already been resolved against you and you fight regardless.
The tactical situation was, by any objective assessment, catastrophic. The 1st Marine Division and elements of the Army's 7th Infantry Division — approximately 15,000 personnel — had advanced to the Chosin Reservoir in northwestern Korea in late November, operating on intelligence that did not account for the presence of approximately 120,000 Chinese People's Volunteer Army troops that had crossed the border covertly and surrounded them.
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