Sheep have a reputation — unfair, it turns out, and largely inherited from the fact that nobody has bothered to study them with much curiosity until recently. The research that has emerged in the last two decades describes a cognitively sophisticated social animal that most of us have been substantially underestimating.
A landmark study from Cambridge University's Babraham Institute published in 2017 confirmed that sheep can recognize and remember up to 50 individual sheep faces — and retain those memories for at least two years. They also demonstrated the ability to recognize human faces from photographs, correctly identifying familiar individuals even when photographs were taken from different angles, a task that requires processing faces as configurations of features rather than simple pattern recognition.
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